A project of the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission

• 2014 Update

  Spirit of the Salmon Plan

  

  
  • About Spirit of the Salmon

    
    • Creation Story
    • Wy-Kan-Ush-Mi Wa-Kish-Wit Update
    • Wy-Kan-Ush-Mi Wa-Kish-Wit Objectives
    • Wy-Kan-Ush-Mi Wa-Kish-Wit Plan Basic Principles
    • Tribes' Treaty-Reserved Fishing Rights
    • Sovereignty and Consultation
    • Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Science
    • Summary of Accomplishments
    • The Accords, Pacific Salmon Treaty and U.S. v. Oregon Agreements
    • We Have Halted The Salmon's Decline
    • Abundance Trends
    • Remaining Problems and Gaps
    • New Challenges and Opportunities
  • Institutional Recommendations

    
    • What are Institutional Recommendations?
    • Institutional Recommendations
    • Existing Mechanisms
    • Columbia River Fish Management Plan
    • Dispute Resolution
    • Fish and Wildlife Program Funding
    • Watersheds
    • Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU)
    • Tribal Hatchery Management
    • Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation
    • Coordinated Information Management
    • Harvest Management
    • Law Enforcement
    • Public Education and Outreach
    • Columbia River Treaty
    • Hatchery Management
    • Tribal Energy Vision
    • Regulatory Improvement and Coordination
  • Technical Recommendations

    
    • What are Technical Recommendations?
    • Technical Recommendations
    • Land Use
    • Tributary Water Quality
    • Watershed Restoration
    • Supplementation
    • Reintroduction
    • Juvenile Salmon Passage (Migration)
    • Estuary Protection and Restoration
    • Ocean Harvest
    • Adult Fish Migration
    • Water Quality (Toxic Contamination)
    • Harvest Management (In-river)
    • Lamprey
    • Sturgeon
    • Predation
    • Mark Selective Fisheries
    • Restoring Fish Passage
    • Invasive Species
    • Climate Change
    • Update "Lifecycle Model"
    • ESA Delisting
  • Community Development
    Recommendations

    
    • What are Community Development Recommendations?
    • Community Development
      Recommendations
    • Salmon Marketing
    • Tribal FishCo LLC
    • White Sturgeon Marketing
    • Housing Near Fishing Access Sites
    • Workforce Development
  • References & Appendices

    
    • References (Updated 2013)
    • Glossary (Updated 2013)
    • Appendix A (1995): Subbasin Descriptions
    • Appendix B (1995): Hatcheries and Rearing Facilities
    • Appendix C: 2008-2017 U.S. v. Oregon Production Tables
    • Appendix D (2013): Sturgeon Abundance
• Spirit of the Salmon:

  1995 tribal restoration plan

  

  
  • Introduction

    
    • Executive Summary
  • Cultural Context

    
    • The Columbia Basin Treaty Tribes
    • The Importance of Salmon to the Tribes
    • A Tribal Tradition of Sound Fish Management
    • Cultural Chronology
  • Biological Perspective

    
    • The Problem
    • Current State of Anadromous Fish
    • Past Attempts at Restoration
    • Toward a Solution
    • Habitat of Anadromous Fish
    • Anadromous Fish in the Columbia River Basin
    • Changes in Habitat
    • Reduction in the Amount of Available Habitat

      
      • Introduction
      • Habitat Degradation
      • Water Quality Impacts
      • Problems Related to Water Resource Management
      • Estuary Habitat
      • Harvest
      • Operation and Location of Hatcheries
      • Salmon Population Structure
      • Genetic Considersations
  • Legal & Institutional Context

    
    • Legal Context
    • Institutional Context

      
      • Management Structures for Columbia Basin Anadromous Fish
      • The Columbia River Fish Management Plan
      • The U.S. - Canada Pacific Salmon Treaty
      • The Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Programs
      • The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
      • Other Authorities
      • Conclusion
  • Recommendations

    
    • Institutional Changes

      
      • Existing Mechanisms
      • CRFMP
      • Dispute Resolution
      • Fish and Wildlife
        Program Funding
      • Watersheds
      • Evolutionarily Significant Unit
      • Tribal Hatchery Management
      • Research, Monitoring and Evaluation,
        and a Coordinated Information System
      • Harvest Management
      • Law Enforcement
    • Technical Recommendations

      
      • Introduction
      • 1: Land-Use Practices in Columbia
        River Basins
      • 2: Water Quantity
      • 3: Watershed Restoration
      • 4: Supplementation
      • 5: Reintroductions
      • 6: Juvenile Salmon Passage
      • 7: Estuary Protection and Restoration
      • 8: Ocean harvest Ceilings
      • 9: Adult Salmon Passage
      • 10: Water Quality
      • 11. Stock-specific Harvest
        Management Concerns
      • 12. Lamprey Passage
      • 13. Enhancing Reservoir Populations
        of White Sturgeon
    • Anticipated Outcomes
    • Monitoring: Purpose, Types, Implementation
  • Costs of Implementation
  • Appendices

    
    • References (Updated 2013)
    • Glossary (Updated 2013)
    • Appendix A (1995): Subbasin Descriptions
    • Appendix B (1995): Hatcheries and Rearing Facilities
  • What You Can Do
• Spirit of the Salmon:

  1995 subbasin plans

  

  
  • Introduction
  • Subbasin Plans

    
    • Lower Columbia River Mainstem
    • Wind River
    • Little White Salmon
    • Big White Salmon
    • Hood River
    • Klickitat River
    • Fifteenmile Creek
    • Deschutes River
    • John Day River
    • Umatilla River
    • Mid-Columbia River Mainstem
    • Walla Walla River
    • Yakima River
    • Wenatchee River
    • Entiat River
    • Methow River
    • Okanogan River
    • Snake River Mainstem
    • Tucannon River
    • Clearwater River
    • Grande Ronde River
    • Salmon River
    • Imnaha River

Biological Perspective